Apj abdul kalam full biography videos

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Introduction

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was an aerospace scientist who served as the 11thPresident of India from 2002 to 2007.

Early life

Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 to a Tamil Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. His father Jainulabdeen was a boat owner and imam of a local mosque; his mother Ashiamma was a housewife.^[1] By his early childhood, Kalam's family had become poor; at an early age, he sold newspapers to supplement his family's income.^[2]

Education

He moved to Madras in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute of Technology.^[3] He narrowly missed achieving his dream of becoming a fighter pilot, as he placed ninth in qualifiers, and only eight positions were available in the IAF.^[4]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam